Monday, June 1, 2020

Report of Mission 40 in Habitat Marte - May 24th- June 1st, 2020.


Days: 
May 24th- June 1st, 2020.

Members of the mission:

Davi Souza (Brazil)
Commander 
Main station chief

Prof. Julio Rezende (Brazil)
Vice-Commander
Greenhouse-chief

Eduardo Salazar (Mexico)
Chief-engineer
Engineering Center chief
E-mail: eduardosalazaravanzado@gmail.com.

Margarita Belali (Greece)
Scientist-chief
BioMars Sanitation Center
E-mail: belalimargarita@gmail.com

Victor Macedo (Brazil)
Health and Safety-chief
Health Center chief

Agnieszka Elwertowska (Poland)
Invited researcher
Power station chief
E-mail: agnelwer@gmail.com

James Canterbury (United States)
Invited Researcher
E-mail: jcanterbury@wscloud.org

Thomas Herzig (Austria)
Invited Researcher
E-mail: pneumocell@gmx.at

General objective:
Propose guidelines to operation of SpaceX Mars habitat.


Presentation
The members of the mission 40 were Davi Souza (Brazil), Julio Rezende (Brazil), Margarita Belali (Greece), Eduardo Salazar (Mexico) and Victor Macedo (Brazil). The mission presents the following invited researchers: Agnieszka Elwertowska (Poland), James Canterbury (United States) and Thomas Herzig (Austria).

Activities developed during the mission:
- Improvement of  virtual and hybrid mission methodology;
- Live on Google Hangouts with James Canterbury on Mars Now: Training Today's Students to be Tomorrow's Astronauts;
- Live on Google Hangouts with Thomas Herzig on Pneumo Planet Inflatable Mars Habitat and Moonbase;
- Follow up of SpaceX Falcon 9 launching;
- Follow up of SpaceX capsule Endeavor docking in International Space Station  - ISS;
- Live from Habitat Marte;
- Maintenance of the Deep Water Culture – DWC and growbeds aquaponic systems in Habitat Marte;
- Development of new protocols.


MISSION TIMELINE
Sol 1: May 24th, 2020 (Sunday): 
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-4h
- Preparation of methodology.
9h
- Sending the first messages to the team
11h-12h
- Preparation of methodology.
12h
- First contact with the crew.
- Beginning of the mission.
12h-13h10m
- video call with the whole team;
- Presentation of the Journey of fantasy;
- Mission reports;
- Next activities;
- Presentation of the basic guidelines for virtual missions;
13h10m-24h
- Preparation of the report and off-line activities. Interactions using Whatsapp group.

Sol 2: May 25th, 2020 (Monday): 
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-3h
- Writing the report.
9h-12h
- Preparing the methodology of the mission.
12h-14h
- Presentation of James Canterbury: Mars Now: Training Today's Students to be Tomorrow's Astronauts.
14h-17h
- off line activities and report writing.

Sol 3: May 26th, 2020 (Tuesday)
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-3h
- Preparing report.
10h-12h
- Awake;
- Preparing report.
12h-14h
- Virtual meeting on Greenhouse, Main station and Powerstation
14h-17h
- Travel to Habitat Marte
17h-19h30m
- Live in Habitat Marte
- Activities in Habitat Marte
19h30m-21h30m
- Return to Natal.
21h30m-0h
- Updating the methodology of Personal Report

Sol 4: May, 27th 2020 (Wednesday):
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-2
- Writing the report;
10h
- Wake up;
11h-12h
- Contacting the crew; 
12h-12h45m
Presentation of Thomas Herzig
12h15m-13h30m
- Preparation of the report. (Habitat Marte – Brazil).
17h-20h30m
- Follow up of  the SpaceX Falcon 9 crewed mission launching.
20h30m
- Report and IAC articles writing.

Sol 5: May, 28th 2020 (Thursday):
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-4h
- Preparation of report.
10h-12h
- Preparation of report
12h-13h30m
- Video call to discuss on engineering center and health center.
13h30m-24h
- Writing the report.

Sol 6: May, 29th 2020 (Friday): 
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-4h
- Preparation of report.
10h-12h
- Preparation of report
12h-13h
- Video call to discuss on sanitation.
18h30m-24h
- Report 

Sol 7: May, 30th 2020 (Saturday): 
TIME (GMT)
Activity
0h-4h
- Preparation of report.
10h-12h
- Preparation of report
12h-12h50m
- Video call to discuss on sanitation and final guidelines of the mission.

Local data collection:
Location: Gdynia, Poland
Date: May, 30th 2020.
Time: 12.25 PM GMT
Temperature: 15
Humidity: 63%
Wind: 23 kmph

Location: Natal/ Brazil.
Date: May, 30th 2020.
Time: 8:59 AM (Brazil Time) – 11:59 AM GMT
Temperature: 27
Humidity: 81%
Rain: 21%.

19h-20h
- Watch the SpaceX launching.
20h-24h
- Report 

Sol 8: May, 31st 2020 (Sunday): 
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-4h
- Preparation of report.
10h-12h
- Preparation of report
12h-14h45m
- Meeting to watch two videos related to SpaceX Mars habitat.
- Crew following up the SpaceX capsule docking. 
Location: Athens,Greece
Time :15:06(EEST)
Temperature:22°C
Humidity 55%
Wind:24 klm/hour

Location: Natal @ State of Rio Grande do Norte - Brazil.
Time: 8:58 AM (GMT-3 - Brazilian Time) – 11:58 AM GMT
Temperature: 27
Humidity: 87%
Rain: 22%

14h45m-18h
 - Follow up the SpaceX capsule docking.
18h-24h
- Report 

Sol 9: June, 1st 2020 (Monday): 
TIME (GMT)
Activities
0h-4h
- Preparation of report.
10h-15h
- Preparation of report
15h-16h
- Final meeting.

Weather Location: Natal/ Brazil.
Date: June, 1st 2020.
Time: 12:00 PM (Brazil Time) – 03:00 PM GMT
Temperature: 29o
Humidity: 73%
Rain: 6%

Weather Location: Mexico City, Mexico. 
Time: 10:10 UTC-5. 15:10 GMT. 
Temperature: 17. 
Humidity: 67%. 
UV: Low.

Weather Location: Athens ,Greece
Temperature:19 °C
Humidity:63%
Winds:16klm/hour
Rainy day.

16h-22h
- Conclusion of Final Report 


Results and final considerations
From May 24th to June, 1st 2020, happened the 40th mission of the Habitat Marte Mars analog research station. The members of the mission 40 were Davi Souza (Brazil), Julio Rezende (Brazil), Margarita Belali (Greece), Eduardo Salazar (Mexico) and Victor Macedo (Brazil). The mission presents the following invited researchers: Agnieszka Elwertowska (Poland), James Canterbury (United States) and Thomas Herzig (Austria). The mission was the largest just developed with 212 hours.
This mission was the second time when the participants are designed as chief of facilities of the space habitat: Main Station, Power Station, Engineering Center, Launch Center, Sanitation Center, Greenhouse and Health Center.
It is also the second time operating with CapCom, a moment when is transmitted personal report/ local data collection to the commander and other members of the crew; CAPCOM methodology. CAPCOM is the communication liaison between the astronauts and Mission Controls Centre-this role is designated to the commander. CAPCOM is an acronym for ‘Capsule Communicator”, used to streamline the sharing of information. 
This was the sixth hybrid mission. Hybrid missions involve: 1) remote activities (remotely, developed in a virtual way) and 2) in person (involving in situ operations to support the operation of Habitat Marte).

Sunday (May, 24th 2020):
In the first day of mission, during the first meeting was presented: 1) Introduction to the mission; 2) The participants; 3) Guidelines for virtual mission; 4) Space journey of fantasy; 5) Local Data Collection protocol; 6) Sharing the Initial Survey; 7) Presentation of the program and 8) Tasks to be developed in the next virtual meetings.

Monday (May, 25th 2020):
            In this day happened the presentation of James Canterbury: Mars Now: Training Today's Students to be Tomorrow's Astronauts. James Canterbury is a middle grades science teacher in Worthington, Ohio. Inspired by the works of visionary authors, engineers, astronauts, and fellow educators, James is reimagining how science is taught and learned in his classroom. Rather than following the "field-by-field" pedagogy of science education developed during the cold war, James fully engages his students by infusing immersive storytelling with project-based learning to create a year-long, analog Mars mission that interweaves science lessons as they would naturally occur.
            As presented by James Canterbury, Davi Souza concluded that it is necessary to find different approaches to keep young people and children engaged with the science, focused on space exploration. Due the pandemic situation, Habitat Marte's initiatives proved to be quite innovative. In addition to proposing a methodology in which mission members will be immersed in a context of isolation on Mars, in their respective facilities, the crew is challenged to propose mechanisms and means to guarantee self-sustainability for the entire Habitat.

Tuesday (May, 26th 2020):
            During the morning happened the presentation on greenhouse, main station and powerstation. Julio Rezende and Davi Souza travelled to Habitat Marte. During the technical visit to Habitat Marte was developed important activities:
1 - Live from Habitat Marte - Infrastructure presentation, question and answers (Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5H9oAbIRET4&feature=youtu.be);
2 - analysis of quality of water of DWC aquaponic system;
3 - analysis of quality of water of grow beds aquaponic system;
4 - Fixing the DWC aquaponic system;
5 - Evaluating a new area to install the internet modem;
6 - Colleting some vegetables;
7 - transport of new construction materials to expand the area of food cultivation;
8 - Observations of the crops development and ideas for better indications in the system;
9 - Considerations about the development of a new protocol related to design and guidelines for greenhouse building in space habitats;
10 - improvements in the daily personal report of the virtual missions;
11 – Ideas about invite VIP persons in space area, as former astronauts to be invited researchers in the mission;
12 – Considerations related to protocols update.

            Monitoring the activities that are being developed at the station is a unique opportunity for international member. Many participants were never able to experience analog astronaut activities, while others did not even have any initial contact with space-related subjects. During the virtual missions, participants are invited to perform protocols and follow routines that are implemented in real missions at Habitat Marte. For Davi Souza, sharing of information and the proposal of tasks generate relevant knowledge for the participants, and also making them more engaged with sustainable technologies and solutions. Much of this information has sufficient scientific relevance to contribute to the personal and professional development of each crew member.
            “When we deal with a hybrid mission, operational tasks are developed in situ to support the operation of the station. The crew are introduced to different situations that are experienced in a real mission. This allows them to provide support and monitor in real time activities of extreme importance like food production at Habitat Marte and proper functioning of the BioHabitat greenhouse, such as the management and maintenance of the aquaponics system.


Wednesday: - May 27th 2020
In this day happened Presentation of Thomas Herzig on Pneumo Planet Inflatable Mars Habitat and Moonbase. Thomas Herzig is an Architect specialized on inflatable structures who lives and works in Vienna, Austria. Since 2 years he is involved in the design of an inflatable Habitat for Mars and Moon
This patented concept is the first inflatable habitat for foreign planets and moons that perfectly shields against cosmic radiation  and micrometeorites, but also makes sufficient natural sunlight usable inside to grow vegetable and fruits, to keep the habitat warm, and for the wellness of the inhabitants.
An ultra light inflatable membrane structure is manufactured carefully and tested on Earth under ideal conditions. All the rest of the building material that shall protect from cold, radiation and meteorites shall come from the Mars surface as sand and stones (regolith), which will be deposited on top of the inflatable structure. When the membrane structure is inflated up to half Earth-atmospheric pressure, it can support an up to a 6 meters thick layer of regolith.
The video is available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9s07yNRlUt8&feature=youtu.be. During the day was also preared the report. The SpaceX rocket launching was cancelled. 

Thursday (May, 28th 2020):
In this day happened the presentation of Eduardo Salazar on Engineering Center and Victor Macedo on Health and Safety Center. The presentations bring important insights to future space habitats.

Friday
Presentation of Margarita Belali on Sanitation Center. The functionalities of the Sanitation Center would collect learnings from Space Station Regenerative ECLSS. The Environmental Control And Life Support System (ECLSS) for the space station performs several functions (Source: https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/g-281237_eclss_0.pdf):
• Provides oxygen for breathing;
• Removes carbon dioxide from the cabin air;
• Recovers and recycles oxygen from carbon dioxide to resupply
the crew;
• Filters particulates and microorganisms from the cabin air and maintains
cabin pressure, temperature and humidity levels;
• Removes volatile organic trace gases, such as ethanol, that are color-
less, odorless and can build up over time;
• Distributes cabin air between each room, or module, of the station; • Provides potable water for consumption, food preparation and hygiene;
• Purifies recycled water from multiple sources back to potable water.

In the end of the afternoon (Texas Time), occurred the test of SpaceX rocket SN4 prototype in Boca Chica, Texas, United States. During the test of some components the main rocket body exploded causing the lost of the space vehicle. This would postpone the goals of SpaceX do a real rocket launching rocket test.


Saturday
Presentation of Margarita Belali on Sanitation Center. Were discussed the importance of protocols/ processes of the Sanitation Center; some technologies that will be aboard and the  management of the system. Part of the protocols are based in ISS.
Some questions related to the operation of Sanitation Center in the Mars Landscape are:
1 - What are the procedures to collect water in the Mars landscape
2 - How this ice would be transported in the Mars landscape?
3 - What kind of equipment or vehicles would be used to extract ice in the Mars landscape?
4 - How to mix reclaimed water from the space habitat and new water collected in Mars surface?
5 - What kind of device We need to melt the ice and transform in potable water?


Were presented guidelines to the end of the virtual mission in Habitat Marte: 1) Make sure that photos were taken during the mission; 2) Fill the psychological protocol; 3) Complete the Final Survey.
 4) Prepare a short video 1-3 minutes talking about the experience in the virtual mission. The video must be sent in the Whatsapp group. When you send the video, you are agreeing about We publish your video in Youtube, Twitter and Facebook profiles of Habitat Marte; 5) Make posts with the hashtag #HabitatMarte informing that you are participating in the mission # no @HabitatMarte. Always check @HabitatMarte on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram. 6) Discussion about the final report; 7) Final Fantasy of journey.

Sunday
The crew members prepared video reports. The meeting was about to a general evaluation of the mission.  Were watched two videos:
Space X BFR - Elon Musk's full speech at IAC 2017, Adelaide, Australia

Spacex Mars Base Alpha

Observing the videos, was important observe the importance of the work of designers and architects in terms to think about the space habitats.
The SpaceX launching and docking of Endeavour in International Space Station is very inspirational, because is also encouraging other entrepreneurs to imagine their own companies and endeavors.
During the virtual meeting, all the crew watched the SpaceX capsule Perseverance docking in International Space Station-ISS. 
As the final result of the mission 40 it is presented the Proposal of Mission 40 in Habitat Marte @HabitatMarte) to SpaceX Mars Habitat. The considerations is following presented.


Proposal of Mission 40 in Habitat Marte to SpaceX Mars Habitat
The crew of mission 40 reflected about the operation of a future SpaceX habitats. This is the main achievement of the virtual mission of Habitat Marte.
            Was reflected about a planning to SpaceX habitat. Before the landing in Mars, was considered as first step, send unnamed missions with equipment, robots/ rovers to analyze the Mars surface and observing not something very dangerous to human health (viruses and bacteria), would be sent unmanned missions based in robots and rovers to produce water, oxygen, hydrogen and propellants.
In 2020 it is important Mars rover Perseverance launching with landing in January 2021. During all 2021 year the Perseverance will be collecting data about biology in Mars.
            Was evaluated how much time SpaceX need to develop the new rocket. From now to the first astronaut land in Mars, was also considered that NASA will prioritize Moon missions with Artemis program in the next years.
            Was evaluated a timeline to develop a SpaceX habitat in Mars. Some considerations in terms of time are:
1 - Big Falcon Rocket development and test: 5 years: 2021-2025. During this time will also happens missions to Moon, based in Artemis mission.
2 - Unmanned Mission to Mars transporting equipment to produce water, oxygen, hydrogen and propellants: 2026-2028.
3 – First crewed mission: 2029.

An important goal to Elon Musk is send a crewed mission to Mars in this decade, as happen to Apollo mission during the sixties, before the end of the decade.
The mission 40th in Habitat Marte considered different possibilities of SpaceX Mars habitat:
1 - inflatable habitats;
2 - lavatubes/ caves;
3 - rigid habitats (parts/ rockets bodies),
4 - 3D printed habitat using Mars regolith;
5 - mixed habitats considering the combinations of the previous options.

Observing just presented SpaceX missions concept, was evaluated the kind of construction material / technology to be used in their proposed habitats. Important documents is To build settlements on Mars, we’ll need materials chemistry(https://cen.acs.org/articles/96/i1/build-settlements-Mars-ll-need.html) and 3D-printed Mars habitat could be a perfect fit for early SpaceX Starship colonies (https://www.teslarati.com/3d-printed-mars-habitat-perfect-fit-early-spacex-starship-colonies).
 Based in these and other studies were considered the use of 3D printing technology based in Mars regolith to build SpaceX habitat.
During the landing, in the first moment will be built the Life Support System installation with all resources inside, not considering producing food, just consuming pre-prepared meals.
In the second moment will be built different facilities. In this conception would be built the following facilities: Main Station, Power Station, Engineering Center, Launch Center, Sanitation Center, Greenhouse and Health Center. The time to it will be determined by the capacity to build more robust transportation system based in SpaceX rockets. It is supposed more five years from 2029 to 2034 to have the concept of a Mars Space village operating.
The construction of these facilities would be based in big 3D printers as MARSHA (SpaceFactory Inc), as can be seen in the video: https://youtu.be/XnrVV0w2jrE. MARSHA technology just was presented in events such as International Astronautical Congress – IAC in Washington D.C., during 2019.
            According to the concept proposed by Mission 40 in Habitat Marte to SpaceX Mars Habitat, each facility needs to operate autonomously. In this case it is important each facility present solar panels or Kilopower technology and presents conditions (food and shelter) to specific teams based in these facilities lives during a period of dust storm.
            More updates of the guidelines will be released soon by Habitat Marte administrators and also according to next missions that will discuss deeper the specific operation of each facility. The crew 40 also presented guidelines to 1) each facility; 2) Duties of each position; 3) Possible activities to be developed in your facility.



Monday
            Final evaluation of the mission 40. Evaluation of the main results of the mission.
            Commander Davi Souza, after some reflections, decided to present points that were considered important to the success of the mission:
1) To keep the crew motivated in long-term manned missions is necessary moments of fun. Considering the freedom give to them to talk about different subjects, it was possible to have a great cultural exchange and keep the crew more united;
2) The more challenged the participants are to research the features and development of future Habitat on Mars, is necessary to obtain useful information and seek relevant references, which generates enough subject to be discussed at the meetings;
3) The involvement of members of a multidisciplinary team is the key to proposing innovative solutions. Each individual is unique and has a specific background that can contribute to the objective of the mission;
4) The situation of the Crew Dragon spacecraft launch, on the SpaceX Demo-2 mission, was able to generate a sensation of contributing to a greater objective. In this way, the team realize how important  is the implementation of STEM-oriented activities and scientific dissemination to collaborate with space exploration.

More information about the missions and the Habitat Marte can be found at www.HabitatMarte.com. 
Prof. Julio Rezende (vice-commander) and Davi Souza (commander).


Other references:
SpaceX to Mars City: How to Build on Mars:
https://constructible.trimble.com/construction-industry/spacex-to-mars-city-how-to-build-on-mars

About the possible location for a Mars settlement, looks the following link:
Finding A Place to Land on Mars:
https://mars.nasa.gov/mro/multimedia/slideshows/findingaplacetolandonmars/

You can dock a SpaceX Crew Dragon at the space station in this free simulator
https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-dragon-docking-simulator-online.html

How SpaceX's Starship Will Help Establish a Mars Base

AI SpaceFactory - MARSHA - Our Vertical Martian Future - Part One
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XnrVV0w2jrE

AI SpaceFactory - MARSHA - Our Vertical Martian Future - Part Two
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_KxqCL5L5Q

HASSELL + EOC presents MARS HABITAT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIrH01N9AsE

How to Make the Food and Water Mars-Bound Astronauts Will Need for Their Mission
https://www.universetoday.com/146241/how-to-make-the-food-and-water-mars-bound-astronauts-will-need-for-their-mission/?fbclid=IwAR3PVsDLpalKyGF0PvSBOsABfE6rpVxPMuAEMM2jBCz7VZ4VKWb0Wboy2U0

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